Major Depressive Disorder ( उदासिनता नैराश्य बिमारी )

                                                                  Major Depressive Disorder  

Art - Dr Nishikant Vibhute

       

Diagnostic Criteria

A.      Five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either

(1)    Depressed mood or

(मन उदास रहना)

(2)    Loss of interest or pleasure.

(किसी चीज़ में उत्साह / आनंद न आना)

Note: Do not include symptoms that are clearly attributable to another medical condition.

(3)    Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, as indicated by either subjective report (e.g. feels sad, empty, hopeless) or observation made by others (e.g. appears tearful). (Note: In children and adolescents, can be irritable mood.)

(मन उदास उदास रहना / चेहरा मुर्ज़ाया हुआ दिखना / निराश रहना)

(4)    Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the day, nearly every day (as indicated by either subjective account or observation).

(पहले जीन चीजों में ख़ुशी मिलती थी उनमें ख़ुशी न लगना / सभी चिजेअच्छी हो रही हैं फिर भी ख़ुशी की भावनाओं का आभाव)

(5)    Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain. (e.g., a change of more than 5% of body weight in a month), or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day. (Note: In children, consider failure to make expected weight gain.)

(खाने से मन उखड जाना या फिर कभी कभी ज्यादा खाना खा लेना.  इस वजह से वजन का कम होना. (कभी कभी वजन बड़ते जाना)

(6)    Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day.

(निंद आने में तकलीफ होना. बिच बिच में निंद उड़ जाना. ( कभी कभी ज्यादा सोंते रहना)

(7)    Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day (observable by others, not merely subjective feelings of energy nearly every day.

(सुस्ती और सब कामो में धीमापन आना. (बिना वजह बैचैनी रहना)

(8)    Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day.

(हमेशा थकावट या शक्ति का अभाव महसूस होना)

(9)    Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt (which may be delusional) nearly every day (not merely self-reproach or guilt about being sick).

( अपनी कुछ कीमत ही नहीं हैं ऐसे लगते रहना. छोटी छोटी बात पर खुद को कोसते रहना. आगे अच्छा नहीं होगा ऐसा लगते रहना)

(10)           Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day (either by subjective account or as observed by others).

(काममें ध्यान न लगना. किसी भी निर्णय पर तुरंत न पहुच पाना )

(11)           Recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of dying), recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide.

(हमेश मृत्यु के बारे में विचार आते रहना. कभी कभी आत्महत्या या फिर ‘हम जिंदा न रहे तो अच्छा’ ऐसे विचार आते रहना. आत्महत्या करने की तयारी करना)

B.      The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

( इन लक्षणों के वजह से रोज के काम, सामाजिक संबध और वैवाहार में तकलीफ होते रहना)

C.      The episode is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or to another medical condition.

( किसीभी शारीरिक बीमारी और नशेके वजह से ये लक्षण न होना )

Note: Criteria A-C represent a major depressive episode.

Note: Responses to a significant loss (e.g. bereavement, financial ruin, losses from a natural disaster, a serious medical illness or disability) may include the feelings of intense sadness, rumination about the loss, insomnia, poor appetite, and weight loss noted in Criterion A, which may resemble a depressive episode. Although such symptoms may be understandable or considered appropriate to the loss, the presence of a major depressive episode in addition to the normal response to a significant loss should also be carefully considered. This decision inevitably requires the exercise of clinical judgment based on the individual’s history and the cultural norms for the expression of distress in the context of loss.

D.     The occurrence of the major depressive episode is not better explained by schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, or other specified and unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.

E.      There has never been a manic episode or a hypomanic episode.

Note: This exclusion does not apply if all of the manic-like or hypomanic-like episodes are substance-inducted or are attributable to the physiological effects of another medical condition.